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CO2
CH4
N2O
TOTAL
Categoría de emisión
Subcategoría
Fuente de emisión
Año
Consumo de Combustibles fósiles
Industria generadora de energía
Producción de electricidad
1990
66,719.168
31.981
105.430
66,856.579
1991
68,954.675
35.341
108.203
69,098.220
1992
67,468.745
33.569
107.798
67,610.112
1993
69,978.889
33.644
119.348
70,131.881
1994
83,739.531
39.833
144.700
83,924.064
1995
77,454.534
38.780
141.321
77,634.635
1996
82,255.449
40.387
158.561
82,454.398
1997
91,529.513
44.529
169.730
91,743.772
1998
100,710.251
51.058
181.433
100,942.742
1999
101,067.897
54.127
181.808
101,303.832
2000
109,526.168
60.927
192.465
109,779.561
2001
114,851.612
71.433
212.414
115,135.459
2002
115,449.045
85.712
222.519
115,757.275
2003
116,740.844
94.956
238.354
117,074.154
2004
108,223.653
98.491
198.302
108,520.446
2005
114,478.816
96.509
241.794
114,817.119
2006
112,159.944
112.155
229.748
112,501.846
2007
111,461.398
121.560
224.465
111,807.423
2008
105,769.411
127.253
245.263
106,141.927
2009
113,471.835
134.670
398.415
114,004.920
2010
114,873.440
136.268
527.679
115,537.387
Refinación de petróleo
1990
37,140.011
26.352
62.392
37,228.755
1991
37,610.826
27.134
65.052
37,703.012
1992
37,965.505
26.754
62.308
38,054.568
1993
35,262.210
23.997
52.544
35,338.752
1994
38,010.072
25.731
56.323
38,092.126
1995
34,632.520
23.147
49.916
34,705.584
1996
33,368.257
21.946
46.382
33,436.584
1997
32,097.631
20.690
42.255
32,160.575
1998
37,171.225
24.672
52.501
37,248.398
1999
35,003.912
22.728
46.922
35,073.562
2000
35,325.117
22.425
44.726
35,392.269
2001
35,771.380
22.123
41.740
35,835.243
2002
36,572.584
22.541
42.230
36,637.356
2003
37,662.989
23.040
42.526
37,728.555
2004
43,434.455
26.429
47.748
43,508.632
2005
42,545.784
25.474
44.339
42,615.596
2006
42,617.597
25.448
43.993
42,687.038
2007
44,751.372
27.163
48.718
44,827.254
2008
48,031.417
29.294
52.733
48,113.444
2009
46,435.155
27.596
46.750
46,509.502
2010
47,358.974
27.671
45.215
47,431.860
Manufactura e industria de la construcción
Hierro y acero
1990
6,786.889
3.578
8.188
6,798.655
1991
6,477.325
3.416
7.691
6,488.432
1992
6,425.199
3.047
10.290
6,438.536
1993
7,098.776
3.320
12.271
7,114.368
1994
8,311.895
3.766
15.795
8,331.456
1995
9,517.958
4.213
19.037
9,541.209
1996
10,470.508
4.587
21.773
10,496.869
1997
11,357.442
4.815
25.501
11,387.758
1998
11,214.376
4.791
24.747
11,243.914
1999
10,707.132
4.507
24.220
10,735.858
2000
8,324.532
3.666
12.139
8,340.337
2001
7,004.142
3.190
10.932
7,018.264
2002
7,177.248
2.917
14.450
7,194.615
2003
7,316.534
2.730
16.842
7,336.105
2004
8,583.884
3.301
19.344
8,606.529
2005
7,727.631
2.975
17.829
7,748.435
2006
7,722.670
2.973
16.156
7,741.800
2007
8,197.410
3.210
16.503
8,217.124
2008
8,738.878
3.511
16.547
8,758.936
2009
7,893.918
2.957
18.948
7,915.823
2010
7,779.148
3.222
15.519
7,797.888
Metales no ferrosos
1990
127.445
0.068
0.147
127.659
1991
109.311
0.055
0.076
109.441
1992
154.637
0.077
0.106
154.820
1993
160.631
0.081
0.105
160.817
1994
201.285
0.102
0.132
201.519
1995
188.928
0.096
0.120
189.144
1996
204.690
0.103
0.134
204.928
1997
260.712
0.132
0.171
261.015
1998
238.341
0.120
0.156
238.617
1999
224.847
0.108
0.172
225.127
2000
99.732
0.052
0.061
99.845
2001
89.751
0.046
0.057
89.854
2002
84.727
0.043
0.055
84.825
2003
83.611
0.043
0.054
83.707
2004
77.963
0.040
0.049
78.052
2005
71.264
0.037
0.046
71.346
2006
67.981
0.035
0.045
68.061
2007
69.656
0.035
0.046
69.738
2008
68.540
0.035
0.046
68.620
2009
62.399
0.032
0.042
62.473
2010
70.148
0.036
0.045
70.229
Productos químicos
1990
16,150.256
8.594
15.897
16,174.748
1991
17,438.667
9.289
16.879
17,464.835
1992
16,491.694
8.789
16.203
16,516.686
1993
15,811.538
8.433
15.957
15,835.927
1994
17,948.176
9.559
17.012
17,974.747
1995
17,699.101
9.417
15.948
17,724.466
1996
17,977.568
9.572
16.781
18,003.922
1997
17,166.539
9.149
16.566
17,192.254
1998
16,457.816
8.775
16.038
16,482.629
1999
14,237.258
7.607
14.053
14,258.917
2000
14,831.778
7.928
13.546
14,853.251
2001
12,257.137
6.553
11.270
12,274.960
2002
11,488.913
6.147
10.204
11,505.265
2003
10,757.357
5.745
8.057
10,771.160
2004
11,035.791
5.879
8.623
11,050.293
2005
10,940.549
5.878
8.942
10,955.368
2006
9,821.786
5.317
7.307
9,834.411
2007
10,881.658
5.910
7.994
10,895.561
2008
10,832.225
5.871
7.561
10,845.657
2009
8,849.799
4.712
5.907
8,860.418
2010
9,548.085
5.076
5.986
9,559.147
Pulpa, papel e impresión
1990
3,230.163
1.757
6.365
3,238.285
1991
2,864.001
1.544
4.434
2,869.979
1992
2,546.528
1.382
4.193
2,552.103
1993
2,490.857
1.352
4.102
2,496.311
1994
2,578.060
1.399
4.245
2,583.704
1995
2,036.844
1.104
3.079
2,041.026
1996
2,459.467
1.335
4.000
2,464.801
1997
2,211.303
1.200
3.596
2,216.099
1998
2,437.960
1.324
4.017
2,443.301
1999
2,368.829
1.288
3.877
2,373.994
2000
2,650.963
1.567
4.209
2,656.739
2001
2,499.362
1.485
3.951
2,504.798
2002
2,390.952
1.418
3.609
2,395.980
2003
2,426.376
1.437
3.612
2,431.424
2004
2,557.744
1.514
3.813
2,563.071
2005
2,638.925
1.570
3.952
2,644.447
2006
2,444.996
1.458
3.433
2,449.887
2007
2,630.821
1.565
3.736
2,636.122
2008
2,521.788
1.507
3.550
2,526.845
2009
2,576.941
1.384
3.253
2,581.579
2010
2,492.258
1.334
2.786
2,496.378
Procesamiento de alimentos, bebidas y tabaco
1990
4,509.322
48.397
100.868
4,658.586
1991
4,153.485
55.321
113.843
4,322.649
1992
4,307.616
51.188
105.976
4,464.780
1993
3,836.714
56.293
115.218
4,008.225
1994
3,495.457
47.371
97.117
3,639.944
1995
3,679.616
54.958
112.382
3,846.956
1996
4,043.464
54.662
112.171
4,210.297
1997
4,068.082
59.794
122.261
4,250.138
1998
4,574.257
61.804
126.809
4,762.870
1999
4,071.255
56.785
116.269
4,244.308
2000
3,683.306
52.663
107.748
3,843.716
2001
3,916.052
55.228
113.096
4,084.375
2002
3,371.684
54.387
110.665
3,536.736
2003
3,239.637
54.926
111.524
3,406.087
2004
3,036.245
55.854
113.050
3,205.149
2005
2,883.973
64.099
129.006
3,077.078
2006
2,637.478
58.410
117.412
2,813.300
2007
2,741.088
58.198
117.104
2,916.389
2008
2,475.014
60.251
120.773
2,656.037
2009
2,110.081
54.079
108.233
2,272.394
2010
2,270.443
52.733
105.599
2,428.775
Otros
1990
19,877.160
8.963
37.277
19,923.400
1991
19,713.063
8.930
35.077
19,757.070
1992
21,405.572
9.811
38.738
21,454.122
1993
22,522.724
10.413
39.127
22,572.264
1994
23,069.960
10.694
40.638
23,121.293
1995
23,271.710
10.994
36.573
23,319.277
1996
22,171.314
10.358
39.658
22,221.330
1997
21,213.737
9.886
40.070
21,263.693
1998
22,199.689
10.283
41.017
22,250.990
1999
19,568.733
9.133
36.391
19,614.257
2000
27,565.990
13.327
47.577
27,626.894
2001
25,457.679
12.107
46.144
25,515.930
2002
28,326.074
13.303
43.812
28,383.189
2003
30,524.188
14.594
47.506
30,586.288
2004
36,530.560
17.150
54.200
36,601.911
2005
34,963.644
16.549
50.903
35,031.095
2006
38,279.080
17.578
51.502
38,348.159
2007
40,122.294
18.053
53.704
40,194.051
2008
36,441.825
16.746
48.619
36,507.189
2009
34,425.919
15.738
44.751
34,486.409
2010
34,328.519
16.132
43.751
34,388.403
Transporte
Aviación civil
1990
4,095.589
2.676
42.166
4,140.431
1991
4,345.280
3.108
44.938
4,393.326
1992
3,957.749
2.276
40.529
4,000.554
1993
4,263.528
2.546
43.755
4,309.829
1994
4,852.841
3.074
49.927
4,905.842
1995
4,713.589
3.123
48.436
4,765.148
1996
4,264.114
2.744
43.907
4,310.765
1997
4,331.371
2.801
44.615
4,378.786
1998
4,697.019
2.974
48.343
4,748.335
1999
5,117.548
3.129
52.601
5,173.278
2000
5,177.808
2.992
53.100
5,233.900
2001
5,250.649
3.000
53.819
5,307.468
2002
5,017.527
2.723
51.319
5,071.569
2003
4,945.076
2.706
50.593
4,998.374
2004
5,144.451
2.815
52.634
5,199.900
2005
5,012.996
2.748
51.291
5,067.035
2006
5,383.598
2.894
55.048
5,441.540
2007
6,295.124
3.419
64.404
6,362.947
2008
5,816.244
2.984
59.364
5,878.592
2009
4,848.882
2.534
49.521
4,900.937
2010
4,834.796
2.427
49.304
4,886.528
Autotransporte
1990
79,985.976
380.385
836.763
81,203.124
1991
85,726.378
409.107
900.471
87,035.956
1992
86,817.009
414.215
910.727
88,141.951
1993
88,846.487
417.513
1,180.848
90,444.849
1994
91,747.558
424.335
1,461.271
93,633.165
1995
87,325.002
405.624
1,646.736
89,377.362
1996
88,838.163
396.846
2,202.376
91,437.385
1997
92,152.827
395.407
2,978.850
95,527.084
1998
94,713.294
389.966
3,847.762
98,951.022
1999
94,615.021
378.460
4,243.599
99,237.079
2000
98,622.040
386.423
4,959.709
103,968.172
2001
99,346.179
375.444
5,901.620
105,623.243
2002
101,938.361
374.225
6,679.791
108,992.377
2003
105,657.347
378.915
7,142.931
113,179.192
2004
120,586.715
425.994
8,752.198
129,764.906
2005
117,098.253
395.542
9,100.645
126,594.439
2006
124,479.655
410.481
10,079.174
134,969.310
2007
136,589.706
441.801
11,430.893
148,462.401
2008
155,614.353
501.129
13,263.661
169,379.144
2009
143,377.013
462.791
12,455.115
156,294.919
2010
144,283.585
461.183
12,497.666
157,242.434
Ferrocarril
1990
1,954.065
2.798
4.957
1,961.819
1991
1,635.610
2.342
4.149
1,642.101
1992
1,649.028
2.361
4.183
1,655.573
1993
1,667.360
2.388
4.229
1,673.977
1994
1,877.439
2.688
4.762
1,884.890
1995
1,656.068
2.371
4.201
1,662.640
1996
1,773.829
2.540
4.500
1,780.869
1997
2,040.736
2.922
5.177
2,048.835
1998
1,704.316
2.441
4.323
1,711.080
1999
1,603.493
2.296
4.067
1,609.857
2000
1,653.501
2.368
4.194
1,660.063
2001
1,515.648
2.170
3.845
1,521.663
2002
1,559.644
2.233
3.956
1,565.834
2003
1,602.906
2.295
4.066
1,609.268
2004
1,782.555
2.553
4.522
1,789.629
2005
1,715.828
2.457
4.352
1,722.638
2006
1,827.284
2.617
4.635
1,834.536
2007
1,930.674
2.765
4.897
1,938.336
2008
1,919.675
2.749
4.869
1,927.293
2009
1,742.226
2.495
4.419
1,749.140
2010
1,934.340
2.770
4.907
1,942.016
Navegación
1990
1,836.842
2.538
4.496
1,843.876
1991
2,106.291
2.938
5.204
2,114.433
1992
1,185.680
1.687
2.989
1,190.355
1993
966.679
1.376
2.438
970.493
1994
1,841.906
2.630
4.659
1,849.195
1995
1,685.831
2.408
4.265
1,692.504
1996
1,737.788
2.481
4.395
1,744.664
1997
1,883.437
2.689
4.764
1,890.890
1998
2,337.171
3.335
5.908
2,346.414
1999
3,513.674
4.994
8.846
3,527.514
2000
3,956.937
5.609
9.936
3,972.482
2001
3,187.594
4.528
8.022
3,200.144
2002
2,291.531
3.260
5.775
2,300.566
2003
2,341.849
3.337
5.912
2,351.098
2004
2,309.848
3.289
5.826
2,318.964
2005
2,376.066
3.383
5.992
2,385.441
2006
2,435.983
3.465
6.139
2,445.587
2007
2,604.920
3.700
6.555
2,615.175
2008
3,146.323
4.479
7.935
3,158.737
2009
2,220.346
3.158
5.594
2,229.098
2010
2,331.785
3.317
5.876
2,340.978
Otros sectores
Comercio y sectores institucionales
1990
3,718.651
5.176
6.791
3,730.617
1991
4,678.348
8.702
9.829
4,696.879
1992
5,355.709
10.220
11.410
5,377.339
1993
5,292.210
10.099
11.275
5,313.585
1994
5,861.331
11.903
12.941
5,886.174
1995
5,360.550
11.640
12.253
5,384.444
1996
5,810.868
12.140
12.998
5,836.006
1997
6,025.947
12.561
13.465
6,051.973
1998
6,400.732
13.173
14.267
6,428.172
1999
3,804.508
11.978
11.001
3,827.486
2000
4,598.659
13.527
17.114
4,629.299
2001
4,512.853
13.297
17.097
4,543.247
2002
4,757.752
14.027
18.186
4,789.965
2003
4,461.733
13.210
16.562
4,491.506
2004
4,454.568
13.060
16.704
4,484.331
2005
4,434.926
12.945
16.816
4,464.687
2006
4,596.127
13.473
17.879
4,627.479
2007
4,746.882
13.858
18.486
4,779.226
2008
4,635.625
13.322
18.340
4,667.287
2009
4,619.833
13.359
18.183
4,651.374
2010
4,809.750
13.805
19.081
4,842.636
Residencial
1990
18,339.698
992.166
340.796
19,672.660
1991
18,216.086
999.770
342.394
19,558.250
1992
19,516.048
1,007.945
348.383
20,872.376
1993
20,599.203
1,016.184
353.623
21,969.010
1994
21,038.043
1,024.174
357.848
22,420.065
1995
20,848.169
1,031.789
360.139
22,240.097
1996
21,797.709
1,038.722
364.273
23,200.704
1997
21,300.281
1,045.238
364.921
22,710.440
1998
22,019.297
1,052.197
369.444
23,440.938
1999
19,425.211
1,057.972
364.609
20,847.792
2000
19,544.875
1,204.121
408.728
21,157.724
2001
19,175.433
1,128.841
385.237
20,689.510
2002
19,300.610
1,125.318
384.228
20,810.155
2003
19,840.427
1,128.846
386.343
21,355.615
2004
20,091.950
1,127.339
386.354
21,605.642
2005
18,968.159
1,125.998
382.737
20,476.895
2006
18,783.842
1,117.394
379.762
20,280.998
2007
20,513.852
1,113.165
383.289
22,010.306
2008
20,377.648
1,108.139
381.473
21,867.260
2009
19,523.153
1,102.069
377.449
21,002.670
2010
19,986.661
1,096.478
376.992
21,460.131
Agricultura, pesca y forestal
1990
4,984.044
14.371
12.728
5,011.143
1991
5,138.191
14.802
13.110
5,166.103
1992
5,168.834
14.866
13.167
5,196.867
1993
5,203.606
14.961
13.252
5,231.819
1994
4,926.504
14.167
12.548
4,953.220
1995
5,071.939
14.585
12.918
5,099.442
1996
5,421.211
15.592
13.810
5,450.612
1997
5,797.407
16.669
14.764
5,828.839
1998
5,756.002
16.524
14.636
5,787.162
1999
6,367.113
18.500
16.385
6,401.997
2000
6,302.341
18.285
16.195
6,336.820
2001
6,029.597
17.529
15.525
6,062.651
2002
5,883.591
17.117
15.161
5,915.869
2003
6,244.587
18.134
16.061
6,278.782
2004
6,771.616
19.639
17.395
6,808.650
2005
6,791.614
19.715
17.462
6,828.790
2006
7,125.730
20.586
18.234
7,164.550
2007
7,749.861
22.350
19.796
7,792.008
2008
8,854.608
25.582
22.659
8,902.849
2009
8,268.229
23.860
21.133
8,313.222
2010
8,228.263
23.762
21.046
8,273.070
Emisiones fugitivas de combustibles
Combustibles sólidos
Minería subterránea de carbón
1990
0.000
2,335.956
0.000
2,335.956
1991
0.000
2,094.557
0.000
2,094.557
1992
0.000
1,873.930
0.000
1,873.930
1993
0.000
2,226.485
0.000
2,226.485
1994
0.000
2,363.072
0.000
2,363.072
1995
0.000
2,344.995
0.000
2,344.995
1996
0.000
2,891.342
0.000
2,891.342
1997
0.000
2,642.982
0.000
2,642.982
1998
0.000
2,628.049
0.000
2,628.049
1999
0.000
2,773.562
0.000
2,773.562
2000
0.000
3,121.626
0.000
3,121.626
2001
0.000
2,639.389
0.000
2,639.389
2002
0.000
2,493.090
0.000
2,493.090
2003
0.000
2,965.839
0.000
2,965.839
2004
0.000
2,581.903
0.000
2,581.903
2005
0.000
2,501.343
0.000
2,501.343
2006
0.000
2,316.532
0.000
2,316.532
2007
0.000
2,535.868
0.000
2,535.868
2008
0.000
3,293.356
0.000
3,293.356
2009
0.000
5,404.137
0.000
5,404.137
2010
0.000
6,474.602
0.000
6,474.602
Minería a cielo abierto de carbón
1990
0.000
30.875
0.000
30.875
1991
0.000
35.631
0.000
35.631
1992
0.000
37.021
0.000
37.021
1993
0.000
41.850
0.000
41.850
1994
0.000
46.174
0.000
46.174
1995
0.000
52.656
0.000
52.656
1996
0.000
63.038
0.000
63.038
1997
0.000
60.199
0.000
60.199
1998
0.000
55.356
0.000
55.356
1999
0.000
62.592
0.000
62.592
2000
0.000
57.909
0.000
57.909
2001
0.000
50.739
0.000
50.739
2002
0.000
46.152
0.000
46.152
2003
0.000
47.776
0.000
47.776
2004
0.000
41.608
0.000
41.608
2005
0.000
51.924
0.000
51.924
2006
0.000
48.091
0.000
48.091
2007
0.000
52.181
0.000
52.181
2008
0.000
76.113
0.000
76.113
2009
0.000
69.477
0.000
69.477
2010
0.000
82.288
0.000
82.288
Petróleo y gas natural
Petróleo
1990
0.000
404.689
0.000
404.689
1991
0.000
424.378
0.000
424.378
1992
0.000
423.842
0.000
423.842
1993
0.000
424.790
0.000
424.790
1994
0.000
417.824
0.000
417.824
1995
0.000
402.529
0.000
402.529
1996
0.000
439.732
0.000
439.732
1997
0.000
467.455
0.000
467.455
1998
0.000
475.509
0.000
475.509
1999
0.000
460.191
0.000
460.191
2000
0.000
480.078
0.000
480.078
2001
0.000
491.306
0.000
491.306
2002
0.000
490.492
0.000
490.492
2003
0.000
523.834
0.000
523.834
2004
0.000
537.997
0.000
537.997
2005
0.000
548.331
0.000
548.331
2006
0.000
528.954
0.000
528.954
2007
0.000
500.945
0.000
500.945
2008
0.000
472.460
0.000
472.460
2009
0.000
440.659
0.000
440.659
2010
0.000
435.270
0.000
435.270
Gas natural
1990
0.000
13,807.381
0.000
13,807.381
1991
0.000
13,479.514
0.000
13,479.514
1992
0.000
13,241.083
0.000
13,241.083
1993
0.000
13,400.259
0.000
13,400.259
1994
0.000
13,979.552
0.000
13,979.552
1995
0.000
13,680.541
0.000
13,680.541
1996
0.000
15,022.574
0.000
15,022.574
1997
0.000
15,321.098
0.000
15,321.098
1998
0.000
15,811.340
0.000
15,811.340
1999
0.000
15,832.459
0.000
15,832.459
2000
0.000
15,725.310
0.000
15,725.310
2001
0.000
15,184.990
0.000
15,184.990
2002
0.000
15,177.456
0.000
15,177.456
2003
0.000
15,613.747
0.000
15,613.747
2004
0.000
15,517.580
0.000
15,517.580
2005
0.000
17,685.004
0.000
17,685.004
2006
0.000
19,635.390
0.000
19,635.390
2007
0.000
20,561.027
0.000
20,561.027
2008
0.000
22,368.289
0.000
22,368.289
2009
0.000
23,135.250
0.000
23,135.250
2010
0.000
22,715.154
0.000
22,715.154
Venteo y combustión en quemadores
1990
0.000
30,024.581
0.000
30,024.581
1991
0.000
29,155.358
0.000
29,155.358
1992
0.000
28,781.740
0.000
28,781.740
1993
0.000
28,617.571
0.000
28,617.571
1994
0.000
29,147.171
0.000
29,147.171
1995
0.000
28,675.074
0.000
28,675.074
1996
0.000
32,572.294
0.000
32,572.294
1997
0.000
33,728.195
0.000
33,728.195
1998
0.000
35,297.443
0.000
35,297.443
1999
0.000
35,870.597
0.000
35,870.597
2000
0.000
34,969.284
0.000
34,969.284
2001
0.000
33,801.210
0.000
33,801.210
2002
0.000
33,148.671
0.000
33,148.671
2003
0.000
33,991.664
0.000
33,991.664
2004
0.000
33,531.897
0.000
33,531.897
2005
0.000
39,400.808
0.000
39,400.808
2006
0.000
44,308.084
0.000
44,308.084
2007
0.000
47,021.775
0.000
47,021.775
2008
0.000
52,994.525
0.000
52,994.525
2009
0.000
55,163.966
0.000
55,163.966
2010
0.000
53,412.459
0.000
53,412.459
NOTAS DE LA VARIABLE
| Emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero |
El Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (INEGEI) comprende las estimaciones de las emisiones por fuentes y sumideros. Las cifras que se presentan en este reporte son las últimas que se estimaron conforme a la metodología usada en las comunicaciones nacionales a Naciones Unidas (los datos de la Quinta Comunicación Nacional ante la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático). En la actualización de esta información hubo un cambio metodológico importante, tanto en modelos utilizados por sector para la estimación de las emisiones, como en las fuentes de información utilizadas incorporando información de mayor detalle, de manera que la información más reciente disponible no es comparable con la que se presenta aquí como acervo histórico. Las categorías de emisión están definidas por el Panel Intergubernamental sobre el Cambio climático (IPCC, por sus siglas en inglés). Los gases que se reportan son los incluidos en el Anexo A del Protocolo de Kioto: bióxido de carbono (CO2), metano (CH4), óxido nitroso (N2O), hidrofluorocarbonos (HFCs), perfluorocarbonos (PFCs) y hexafluoruro de azufre (SF6). Las emisiones de este inventario se expresan para cada contaminante en unidades de CO2 equivalente, los cuales se estiman multiplicando la cantidad de emisiones de cada gas por su valor de potencial de calentamiento. Potenciales de calentamiento: CO2=1, CH4 =21, N2O=310, HFC entre 2800 y 11700, PFC entre 6500 y 9200, y SF6=23900; valores que son estimados en un horizonte de 100 años. La categoría Energía incluye las emisiones que son resultado de la exploración, producción, transformación, manejo y consumo de productos energéticos. En la categoría Cambio de Uso de Suelo y Silvicultura, se reportan las absorciones (dado que éstas representan lo contrario a “emisiones”, se presentan en números negativos), en el concepto de “Abandono de tierras agrícolas”, lo que se traduce en revegetación del suelo. Las emisiones de CO2 por quema de biomasa están contempladas en las categorías Agricultura, Cambio de Uso de Suelo y Silvicultura; se publica como información adicional para conocer la cantidad que se utiliza de biomasa como energético. En este inventario, para la categoría Desechos, se empleó la información relativa a la cantidad y tipo de desechos sólidos eliminados en sitios gestionados anaerobios y semiaerobios, sitios no gestionados someros y profundos, y sitios no categorizados. En la información adicional del INEGEI, la categoría "Aviación y navegación internacional (Bunkers)", contempla las aeronaves o embarcaciones que cargan combustible en el país, con destino final en el extranjero. Se estiman las emisiones pero no se consideran emisiones nacionales. Están a cargo de la CMNUCC, a través de la “International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) y “The international Maritime Organization (IMO)”, para realizar medidas de mitigación. |
FUENTES
| Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático, Coordinación del Programa de Cambio Climático, Abril, 2013. |
